Sheffield PJ, Desautels DA, et al.
Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc. Date of publication 1997 Sep 1;volume 24(3):153-64.
1. Undersea Hyperb Med. 1997 Sep;24(3):153-64.
Hyperbaric and hypobaric chamber fires: a 73-year analysis.
Sheffield PJ(1), Desautels DA.
Author information:
(1)Jefferson C. David Wound Care & Hyperbaric Medicine Center, San Antonio, Texas
78229, USA.
Fire can be catastrophic in the confined space of a hyperbaric chamber. From 1923
to 1996, 77 human fatalities occurred in 35 hyperbaric chamber fires, three human
fatalities in a pressurized Apollo Command Module, and two human fatalities in
three hypobaric chamber fires reported in Asia, Europe, and North America. Two
fires occurred in diving bells, eight occurred in recompression (or
decompression) chambers, and 25 occurred in clinical hyperbaric chambers. No fire
fatalities were reported in the clinical hyperbaric chambers of North America.
Chamber fires before 1980 were principally caused by electrical ignition. Since
1980, chamber fires have been primarily caused by prohibited sources of ignition
that an occupant carried inside the chamber. Each fatal chamber fire has occurred
in an enriched oxygen atmosphere (> 28% oxygen) and in the presence of abundant
burnable material. Chambers pressurized with air (< 23.5% oxygen) had the only
survivors. Information in this report was obtained from the literature and from
the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society's Chamber Experience and Mishap
Database. This epidemiologic review focuses on information learned from critical
analyses of chamber fires and how it can be applied to safe operation of
hypobaric and hyperbaric chambers.
PMID: 9308138 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
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